Foreign leaders:
Chronology
UPDATED:
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Foreign leaders:
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See notes at end of table. Also see: Latin American presidents chronology
| Year | Britain P.M. |
France Pres. |
Germany (W) Chanc. |
Italy P.M. |
Canada P.M. |
Japan P.M. |
Russia (USSR) Gen.Sec. / Pres. |
China Chm. / de facto / Pres. |
India P.M. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1974 | H. Wilson (1974) |
Giscard d'Est. (1974) |
H. Schmidt (1974) |
Aldo Moro (1974) |
P. Trudeau (1968) |
T. Miki (1974) |
Brezhnev (1964) |
Mao Zedong (1949) |
I. Gandhi (1966) |
| 1975 | H. Wilson | Giscard d'Est. | H. Schmidt | Aldo Moro | P. Trudeau | T. Miki | Brezhnev | Mao Zedong | I. Gandhi |
| 1976 | H. Wilson | Giscard d'Est. | H. Schmidt | Aldo Moro | P. Trudeau | T. Miki | Brezhnev | Mao Zedong | I. Gandhi |
| 1977 | Callaghan | Giscard d'Est. | H. Schmidt | G. Andreotti | P. Trudeau | T. Fukuda | Brezhnev | Hua Guofeng | Morarji Desai |
| 1978 | Callaghan | Giscard d'Est. | H. Schmidt | G. Andreotti | P. Trudeau | T. Fukuda | Brezhnev | Hua Guofeng | Morarji Desai |
| 1979 | M. Thatcher | Giscard d'Est. | H. Schmidt | G. Andreotti | Joe Clark | M. Ohira | Brezhnev | Hua Guofeng | C. C. Singh |
| 1980 | M. Thatcher | Giscard d'Est. | H. Schmidt | F. Cossiga | P. Trudeau | Z. Suzuki | Brezhnev | Hua Guofeng | I. Gandhi |
| 1981 | M. Thatcher | F. Mitterrand | H. Schmidt | Arnaldo Forlani | P. Trudeau | Z. Suzuki | Brezhnev | Deng Xiao-ping | I. Gandhi |
| 1982 | M. Thatcher | F. Mitterrand | Helmut Kohl | G. Spandolini | P. Trudeau | Z. Suzuki | Brezhnev | Deng Xiao-ping | I. Gandhi |
| 1983 | M. Thatcher | F. Mitterrand | Helmut Kohl | A. Fanfani | P. Trudeau | Y. Nakasone | Brezhnev | Deng Xiao-ping | I. Gandhi |
| 1984 | M. Thatcher | F. Mitterrand | Helmut Kohl | Bettino Craxi | B. Mulroney | Y. Nakasone | Andropov | Deng Xiao-ping | I. Gandhi |
| 1985 | M. Thatcher | F. Mitterrand | Helmut Kohl | Bettino Craxi | B. Mulroney | Y. Nakasone | M. Gorbachev | Deng Xiao-ping | R. Gandhi |
| 1986 | M. Thatcher | F. Mitterrand | Helmut Kohl | Bettino Craxi | B. Mulroney | Y. Nakasone | M. Gorbachev | Deng Xiao-ping | R. Gandhi |
| 1987 | M. Thatcher | F. Mitterrand | Helmut Kohl | Andr./Fanf./Goria | B. Mulroney | Y. Nakasone | M. Gorbachev | Deng Xiao-ping | R. Gandhi |
| 1988 | M. Thatcher | F. Mitterrand | Helmut Kohl | Ciriaco de Mita | B. Mulroney | N. Takeshita | M. Gorbachev | Deng Xiao-ping | R. Gandhi |
| 1989 | M. Thatcher | F. Mitterrand | Helmut Kohl | G. Andreotti | B. Mulroney | S. Uno | M. Gorbachev | Deng Xiao-ping | R. Gandhi |
| 1990 | John Major | F. Mitterrand | Helmut Kohl | G. Andreotti | B. Mulroney | T. Kaifu | M. Gorbachev | Deng Xiao-ping | V. P. Singh |
| 1991 | John Major | F. Mitterrand | Helmut Kohl | G. Andreotti | B. Mulroney | T. Kaifu | M. Gorbachev | Deng Xiao-ping | Ch. Shekhar |
| 1992 | John Major | F. Mitterrand | Helmut Kohl | Giuliano Amato | B. Mulroney | K. Miyazawa | Boris Yeltsin | Deng Xiao-ping | P. J. Rao |
| 1993 | John Major | F. Mitterrand | Helmut Kohl | C. Azeglio C. | B. Mulroney | K. Miyazawa | Boris Yeltsin | Jiang Zemin | P. J. Rao |
| 1994 | John Major | F. Mitterrand | Helmut Kohl | S. Berlusconi | J. Chretien | T. Murayama | Boris Yeltsin | Jiang Zemin | P. J. Rao |
| 1995 | John Major | J. Chirac | Helmut Kohl | Lamberto Dini | J. Chretien | Hashimoto | Boris Yeltsin | Jiang Zemin | P. J. Rao |
| 1996 | John Major | J. Chirac | Helmut Kohl | Romano Prodi | J. Chretien | Hashimoto | Boris Yeltsin | Jiang Zemin | H.D.D. Gowda |
| 1997 | John Major | J. Chirac | Helmut Kohl | Romano Prodi | J. Chretien | Hashimoto | Boris Yeltsin | Jiang Zemin | I. K. Gujral |
| 1998 | Tony Blair | J. Chirac | G. Schroeder | M. D'Alema | J. Chretien | Obuchi | Boris Yeltsin | Jiang Zemin | A.B. Vajpayee |
| 1999 | Tony Blair | J. Chirac | G. Schroeder | M. D'Alema | J. Chretien | Obuchi | Boris Yeltsin | Jiang Zemin | A.B. Vajpayee |
| 2000 | Tony Blair | J. Chirac | G. Schroeder | M. D'Alema | J. Chretien | Y. Mori | V. Putin | Jiang Zemin | A.B. Vajpayee |
| 2001 | Tony Blair | J. Chirac | G. Schroeder | S. Berlusconi | J. Chretien | J. Koizumi | V. Putin | Jiang Zemin | A.B. Vajpayee |
| 2002 | Tony Blair | J. Chirac | G. Schroeder | S. Berlusconi | J. Chretien | J. Koizumi | V. Putin | Jiang Zemin | A.B. Vajpayee |
| 2003 | Tony Blair | J. Chirac | G. Schroeder | S. Berlusconi | J. Chretien | J. Koizumi | V. Putin | Jiang Zemin | A.B. Vajpayee |
| 2004 | Tony Blair | J. Chirac | G. Schroeder | S. Berlusconi | Paul Martin | J. Koizumi | V. Putin | Hu Jintao | M. Singh |
| 2005 | Tony Blair | J. Chirac | G. Schroeder | S. Berlusconi | Paul Martin | J. Koizumi | V. Putin | Hu Jintao | M. Singh |
| 2006 | Tony Blair | J. Chirac | Angela Merkel | Romano Prodi | S. Harper | J. Koizumi | V. Putin | Hu Jintao | M. Singh |
| 2007 | Tony Blair | N. Sarkozy | Angela Merkel | Romano Prodi | S. Harper | Shinzo Abe | V. Putin | Hu Jintao | M. Singh |
| Year | Britain | France | Germany | Italy | Canada | Japan | Russia | China | India |
| KEY: | Communist | Left wing | Moderate left wing | Centrist, undefined | Moderate right wing | Right wing | . | . | . |
| NOTE: | In general, names listed for each year pertain to whoever was serving at mid-year. Ideological orientation is based on the leader's party as well as his or her government's actual policy direction. The adjective "moderate" is by international standards. For example, Deng Xiao-ping pushed for liberal reforms in China's economy, but he maintained an iron grip on political power, so it would be difficult to label him a "moderate" leftist in the same category as Tony Blair. Information is subject to correction; in case of doubt, ideology has been left undefined (indicated by gray). | ||||||||
SOURCES: The Facts On File World Political Almanac, 3rd ed. (1995); The World Almanac and Book of Facts, 2004, Wikipedia, news reports